Ruby 最佳实践读书笔记 Ruby 基础技术
开发模式
- TDD
- BDD: spec http://www.infoq.com/cn/articles/Spec-Flow
- Mock,Stub
文本处理
Line-Based File Processing with State Tracking
- 主要问题：分析有结构的数据文件，主要是分section
- 利用状态机原理进行分类处理,利用beginning/end markers for a section
- 利用栈结构进行状态保存（特别是nested sections）
- 保存整体数据状态Context
容错处理要完善，目前建议skip
case section when [xxx,xxx] process when [xxx,xxx] process else process end
正则表达式
- 关键概念: 正则表达式的主要特性.http://qianjigui.iteye.com/blog/1390067
- Anchors
- Caution, quantifier
File API
- Pathname Ruby 1.9
- FileUtils
- tempfile
tempfile
require 'tempfile'
a = Tempfile
a.close (delete @ GC a)
a.close! (delete immediately)
Advanced Line Processing
Enumerator: foreach, each
f=File.open f.each f.linenoAtomic Saves: Don't waste old file, and use tempfile then mv to it
Function Programming
- http://qianjigui.iteye.com/blog/1997358
- 主要涉及基本的lamba操作,不过对其它特性支持并不好.
API
pp 相关库
#!/usr/bin/env ruby
#
# Pretty-Printer for Ruby Objects
require 'pp'
friends = [
{ first_name: 'Emily', last_name: 'Laskin'},
{ first_name: 'Nick', last_name: 'Mauro'},
{ first_name: 'Mark', last_name: 'Maxwell'}
]
me = {first_name: 'Gregory', last_name: 'Brown', friends: friends}
p me
puts '--------------'
pp me
class Person
def initialize(fn,ln,friends)
@fn,@ln,@frs = fn,ln,friends
end
# You can rewrite pretty_print
def pretty_print(printer)
printer.text <<-END
Person <#{object_id}>:
Name: #@fn #@ln
Friends:
END
@frs.each do |f|
printer.text <<-END
#{f[:first_name] } #{f[:last_name]}
END
end
end
end
person = Person.new('Gregory','Brown',friends)
puts '========================='
pp person
=begin
Output:
{:first_name=>"Gregory", :last_name=>"Brown", :friends=>[{:first_name=>"Emily", :last_name=>"Laskin"}, {:first_name=>"Nick", :last_name=>"Mauro"}, {:first_name=>"Mark", :last_name=>"Maxwell"}]}
-----------
---
{:first_name=>"Gregory",
:last_name=>"Brown",
:friends=>
[{:first_name=>"Emily", :last_name=>"Laskin"},
{:first_name=>"Nick", :last_name=>"Mauro"},
{:first_name=>"Mark", :last_name=>"Maxwell"}]}
=========================
Person <540731910>:
Name: Gregory Brown
Friends:
Emily Laskin
Nick Mauro
Mark Maxwell
=end
注意直接使用open，返回值是StringIO
Working with HTTP and FTP
require 'open-uri'
a = open('http://www.ruby-lang.org/en/LICENSE.txt')
pp a
=begin
<StringIO:0x002b1836406a90
@base_uri=
#<URI::HTTP:0x002b1836406f68 URL:http://www.ruby-lang.org/en/about/license.txt>,
@meta=
{"content-type"=>"text/plain",
"last-modified"=>"Tue, 31 Dec 2013 12:28:20 GMT",
"server"=>"thin 1.6.1 codename Death Proof",
"content-length"=>"2504",
"connection"=>"keep-alive"},
@status=["200", "OK"]>
=end
# Here, you can use StringIO for saving data
时间处理，词法分析，HASH加密，数学处理，cvs,json,模板生成
#Working with Dates and Times(date)
puts 'date'
pp Date.today
#Lexical Parsing with Regular Expressions(strscan)
puts 'strscan'
require 'strscan'
s = StringScanner.new('This is an example string')
s.eos? # -> false
p s.scan(/\w+/) # -> "This"
p s.scan(/\w+/) # -> nil
p s.scan(/\s+/) # -> " "
p s.scan(/\s+/) # -> nil
p s.scan(/\w+/) # -> "is"
s.eos? # -> false
p s.scan(/\s+/) # -> " "
p s.scan(/\w+/) # -> "an"
p s.scan(/\s+/) # -> " "
p s.scan(/\w+/) # -> "example"
p s.scan(/\s+/) # -> " "
p s.scan(/\w+/) # -> "string"
s.eos? # -> true
p s.scan(/\s+/) # -> nil
p s.scan(/\w+/) # -> nil
#Cryptographic Hash Functions (digest)
puts 'digest'
require 'digest/md5'
pp Digest::MD5.hexdigest(File.binread(__FILE__))
require 'digest/sha2'
pp Digest::SHA256.hexdigest(File.binread(__FILE__))
Mathematical Ruby Scripts(mathn)
puts 'mathn'
require 'mathn'
pp Math.sqrt(-1)
pp 1/2
cvs,json,erb
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创建@
2014-11-22
最后修改@
2014-11-27